FS Polarstern

This is the only icebreaker in the world used as a research ship. Between 1982 and 1995 the Polarstern has undertaken 23 arctic and antarctic expeditions. Its name means pole star.

Its multi-disciplinary research equipment is used to investigate the interactions between water, ice, and atmosphere, ocean currents and winds, marine symbioses, and the ocean floor and deeps.

The Polarstern also takes supplies to German expeditions and research stations in the north and south polar regions. The specially shaped double-skinned hull can penetrate ice 1.5 meter thick at a speed of 4 knots. The reinforced bow is used to ram even thicker ice. Bow and stern thrusters and variable-pitch propellers make it extremely manoeuvrable.